Spent Potliner (SPL) is a residue from the primary aluminium production. It is indicated as the major environmental problem in the aluminum industry. SPL is formed by two fractions: Carbonaceous and refractory. According to Brazilian Standards NBR 10004, the SPL is listed as hazardous waste (K088) because it contains high levels of cyanides (complex). The present work has as objective to develop methods to improve SPL management, mainly carrying out a chemical characterization according Brazilian regulations and to develop a method to treat the SPL carbonaceous fraction. According to the chemical analysis only a carbonaceous fraction was listed as Resíduo Classe I (hazardous waste), while the refractory materials were listed as Resíduo Classe II-A (no hazardous waste). The SPL classification and segregation allow Valesul to recovery and reuse this waste, it reveals in an earning calculated in R00000/year and 4% reduction of SPL generation. SPL carbonaceous fraction was characterized by optical microscopy, SEM/EDS, XRD and TGA. SPL carbonaceous fraction was treated in a Gasification and Combustion Combined System (GCC). In this process, cyanide destruction was higher than 86%. In the GCC process was registered an increase in the combustion reactor temperature, initially it was 1000oC (operating with wood) and after the SPL feeding it increased above 1250oC. In this process was obtained approximately 21% of SPL gasification. The results showed that the gasification is a potential alternative process to treat SPL and it should be improved. Tubular furnace tests (laboratory scale) for SPL combustion showed that the fluorides volatilization occurs at temperatures higher than 850oC.