Despite the technological advances and process management in the supply chain, the pharmaceutical sector still suffers with problems such as demand forecast, delivery delay, lack of raw material, among others that deteriorate their chains, making them less efficient. Thus, this master thesis has the objective to contribute to the improvement of the efficiency of logistics processes of focused sector. In order to achieve this purpose, this work uses a pilot project and develops a method to study, map and understand the logistics processes of the supply chain of a pharmaceutical distributor in the state of Pará (Imifarma S/A), so that it is possible to identify the main bottlenecks and contribute to make improvement propositions. Among the main problems found, stock-outs gained a predominant attention throughout the text, because they were the most important of them. As a consequence, the pilot project opted to work with the methodology suggested by ECR Brasil to track and discover the causes that forced the the stock-outs, using as a study object, a list of 50 medicines that were analyzed during a month in one of the stores belonging to the studied company. Moreover, the mapping of the cycle of replenishment between the distribution centers (DCs) and points of sale (POS) and interviews with employees involved in the logistics management of the chain, it was possible to identify other problems that affect the efficiency of the supply chain of the focused company. As a result, the present research develops a series of suggestions of improvements to stock-outs problems and to the other problems identified. Among other improvement propositions, the ECR deserves the biggest prominence since it is a tool that encloses the solution of most problems focused by the supply chain of Imifarma (mainly in terms of stock-outs).