The purpose of this thesis is to propose a reading of Raduan Nassar`s Lavoura Arcaica which recognizes its formal and ideological tensions, as well as its social and cultural context. Considering the exceptional character of Nassar`s prose in the literary scenario of the seventies, we have chosen to place this reading within a neo-baroque aesthetic theory - a very strong Latin American artistic tendency, whose climax is contemporaneous to the author`s literary work. Following the line of such authors as Lezama Lima, Severo Sarduy, Alejo Carpentier and Irlemar Chiampi we believe a baroque reading of the fiction is possible. To illustrate the interpretation we have used Benjamin`s concept of allegory. Our first step has been to introduce the neo-baroque problem. Next we analyze the work per se (baroquely) inverting the bipolar division in the book - depart and return - in order to highlight the double character of the literary analysis.