Traditionally, the transportation and elevation equipments assume a highlight position in the industry, being the overhead crane one of the mostly used equipments. As to the ThyssenKrupp Fundições Ltda, the overhead cranes are responsible for main causes for stopping of business, leading financial and operational lost. The use of RBI - Risk Based Inspection is very well indicated for this type of equipment since it allows the identification of which overhead cranes are critical and in this way the establish a mean of efficient inspection methodology, aiming to concentrate efforts on these equipments so as to reduce their failure risk and to guarantee the maintenance of the business. In this dissertation, a sub-set of overhead cranes and critical components of ThyssenKrupp Fundições Ltda was analyzed. In order to reach this objective, the RBI qualitative methodology was applied to the analysis of the maintenance and inspection database. The theory of the qualitative RBI used a risk matrix FOF x COF (Probability of Failure X Consequence of Failure) where each one of the 20 overhead crane had its class of risk established. Also, the components failure analysis frequency of all the 20 overhead cranes was made through the inspection registries situated in the period between January 1995 and June 2002. After determining the critical overhead crane (high and very high risk) and the critical components, an inspection program for their management was elaborated through means of table and inspection cards where the new inspection frequencies were determined through the Weibull distribution semi-empiric probability. Besides the inspection program, a methodology to analyze the future results obtained by the application of the inspection program was propose to offer suggestions for this continuous efficience raise.