This study presents a metrological analysis focused on the natural gas flow and volume measurement by orifice plate measurement systems. It takes into account the determination of chemical and physical properties and the application of these parameters in the flow and volume measurement. The study also considers aspects related to the electronic sampling of other process information such as pressure, temperature and differential pressure. Nevertheless, it demonstrates that metrology is, in fact, an important input of economical and technical analysis and shows a permanent concern of Petrobras: to guarantee measurement reliability. The dissertation presents three alternatives to the application of the natural gas composition in the computation of flow and volume measurement. When measuring natural gas flow and volume at the custody transfer points, the invoicing process begins to take place. Therefore, each one of the alternatives is associated to benefits, such as reduction of uncertainty, and costs and investments in equipments. It`s worthy to mention that it creates interesting opportunities to develop metrological analysis capable of generate economical impact. This study is even more attractive when referring to a 50 million cubic meters scenario, the Brazilian daily natural gas volume consumption. The relevance of this study is to show that is possible guarantee metrological control to a justified cost.