The aim of this research was to study the clinical practice of the borderline cases in a psychoanalyst perspective, based on a literature review. These individuals reveal an important fragility related to intersubjective boundaries, which results in a difficult interpersonal relationship throughout life. They are patients who demand from the analyst a close attention of the technique used, and also a look at the first objects relations. Thus, at first, we used all Sigmund Freud s technical and theoretical background in clinical care of transference neurosis, that is, patients where the symptom is formedfrom repression, that will guide a technique that is conventionally called classic. They are subjects that do not fit asborderline cases. Then we extracted the corpus of Sándor Ferenczi in terms of the clinic of severe cases, in which, we value the analyst experience and sensibility, and the technique versatility. At last, based on Donald Woods Winnicott, we address some fundamental aspects such as the beginnings of the psychic constitution and the primary object relations, as well as the play and the regression of dependency in the setting, since they are central elements that help us to think about the clinic of borderline cases from a different perspective other than the classic techniques. Along this path, it is possible to highlight the holding in the view of the impasses and challenges of this cases on the contemporary clinic.